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Expression and characterization of a CALB-type lipase from

Jiang-Wei Shen, Xue Cai, Bao-Juan Dou, Feng-Yu Qi, Xiao-Jian Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Yu-Guo Zheng

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5,   Pages 868-879 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1889-x

Abstract: A lipase from SRZ2 (SRL) with 73% amino acid sequence identity to lipase B (CALB) was cloned and overexpressed in . The recombinant SRL showed a preference for short-chain -nitrophenyl esters. It achieved maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 65°C for -nitrophenyl hexanoate (C6) with and / values of 0.14 mmol∙L and 1712 min ∙mmol∙L at 30°C, respectively. SRL displayed excellent thermostability and pH stability, retaining more than 79% of its initial activity after incubation at 60°C for 72 h and 75% at pH 3 to 11 for 72 h. It also maintained most of its activity in the presence of inhibitors and detergents except sodium dodecyl sulfate, and it tolerated organic solvents. SRL was covalently immobilized and successfully used for ethyl hexanoate synthesis in cyclohexane or in a solvent-free system with a high conversion yield (>95%). Furthermore, high conversion yield was also achieved for the synthesis of various short-chain flavor esters when high substrate concentrations of 2 mol∙L were applied. This study indicated that a CALB-type lipase from SRZ2 showed great potential in organic ester synthesis.

Keywords： lipase     Sporisorium reilianum     biochemical characterization     short-chain flavor ester     solvent-free system    

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Digital microfluidics: A promising technique for biochemical applications

He WANG, Liguo CHEN, Lining SUN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 510-525 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0460-z

Abstract:

Digital microfluidics (DMF) is a versatile microfluidics technology that has significant application potential in the areas of automation and miniaturization. In DMF, discrete droplets containing samples and reagents are controlled to implement a series of operations via electrowetting-on-dielectric. This process works by applying electrical potentials to an array of electrodes coated with a hydrophobic dielectric layer. Unlike microchannels, DMF facilitates precise control over multiple reaction processes without using complex pump, microvalve, and tubing networks. DMF also presents other distinct features, such as portability, less sample consumption, shorter chemical reaction time, flexibility, and easier combination with other technology types. Due to its unique advantages, DMF has been applied to a broad range of fields (e.g., chemistry, biology, medicine, and environment). This study reviews the basic principles of droplet actuation, configuration design, and fabrication of the DMF device, as well as discusses the latest progress in DMF from the biochemistry perspective.

Keywords： digital microfluidics     electrowetting on dielectric     discrete droplet     biochemistry    

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Potential of electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated

Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 5,   Pages 679-692 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0866-1

Abstract: reprogramming could be predicted by examining the net changes of the PET values associated with the biochemical

Keywords： metabolic reprogramming     potential of electron transfer     cell proliferation     aerobic glycolysis     cancer metabolism    

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Metabonomic study of the biochemical profiles of heterozygous myostatin knockout swine

Jianxiang XU,Dengke PAN,Jie ZHAO,Jianwu WANG,Xiaohong HE,Yuehui MA,Ning LI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 90-99 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015045

Abstract: Myostatin is a transforming growth factor-β family member that normally acts to limit skeletal muscle growth. Myostatin gene ( ) knockout (KO) mice show possible effects for the prevention or treatment of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. We applied chromatography and mass spectrometry based metabonomics to assess system-wide metabolic response of heterozygous KO ( ) swine. Most of the metabolic data for swine were similar to the data for wild type (WT) control swine. There were, however, metabolic changes related to fatty acid metabolism, glucose utilization, lipid metabolism, as well as BCAA catabolism caused by monoallelic depletion.The statistical analyses suggested that: (1) most metabolic changes were not significant in swine compared to WT swine; (2) only a few metabolic properties were significantly different between KO and WT swine, especially for lipid metabolism. Significantly, these minor changes were most evident in female KO swine and suggested differences in gender sensitivity to myostatin.

Keywords： myostatin     transforming growth factor-β family     skeletal muscle     metabolic disorders     chromatography     mass spectrometry     metabonomics    

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Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 132-138 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1290-5

Abstract: We have studied the effect of the engineered nanomaterial Taunit, containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), on the growth of seedlings and investigated whether affected plants uptake and accumulate MWCNTs. We found that 100 μg/mL and 1000 μg/mL of Taunit stimulated the growth of roots and stems, and enhanced the peroxidase activity in these parts of plants. Microscopy studies showed the presence of MWCNTs in the root and leaf tissues of seedlings exposed to Taunit, suggesting that MWCNTs have a capacity to penetrate the cell walls, accumulate in roots and translocate to the leaves. Thus the stimulating effect of MWCNTs on seedlings of may be associated with the primary uptake and accumulation of MWCNTs by plant roots followed by translocation to the other plant tissues.

Keywords： multiwalled carbon nanotubes     plants     electron microscopy    

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Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1700-6

Abstract:

● Methods for estimating the aging of environmental micro-plastics were highlighted.

Keywords： Microplastics     Aging     Degradation     Characterization     Mechanism    

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Comparisons in subcellular and biochemical behaviors of cadmium between low-Cd and high-Cd accumulation

Meng XUE, Yihui ZHOU, Zhongyi YANG, Biyun LIN, Jiangang YUAN, Shanshan WU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 226-238 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0582-4

Abstract: Subcellular distributions and chemical forms of cadmium (Cd) in the leaves, stems and roots were investigated in low-Cd accumulation cultivars and high-Cd accumulation cultivars of pakchoi ( L.). Root cell wall played a key role in limiting soil Cd from entering the protoplast, especially in the low-Cd cultivars. The high-Cd cultivars had significantly higher leaf and stem Cd concentrations than the low-Cd cultivars in cell wall fraction, chloroplast/trophoplast fraction, organelle fraction and soluble fraction. In low-Cd cultivars, which were more sensitive and thus had greater physiological needs of Cd detoxification than high-Cd cultivars, leaf vacuole sequestrated higher proportions of Cd. Cd in the form of pectate/protein complexes (extracted by 1 mol·L NaCl) played a decisive role in Cd translocation from root to shoot, which might be one of the mechanisms that led to the differences in shoot Cd accumulation between the two types of cultivars. Furthermore, the formation of Cd-phosphate complexes (extracted by 2% HAc) was also involved in Cd detoxification within the roots of pakchoi under high Cd stress, suggesting that the mechanisms of Cd detoxification might be different between low- and high-Cd cultivars.

Keywords： cadmium (Cd)     low-Cd cultivar     pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)     subcellular distribution     chemical forms    

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Research on physical-chemical and biochemical combined technology in the treatment of refractory petrochemical

Tian Zhiyong,Tu Xiang,Song Yonghui,Xin Wang,Li Fayun

Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 3,   Pages 80-87

Abstract:

The lab-scale and pilot-scale physical-chemical and biochemical combinedremoval performance could be improved significantly by reasonable coupling of physical-chemical and biochemical

Keywords： refractory     dry-spun     acrylic fiber wastewater     physical-chemical     biochemical     combined treatment    

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BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 82-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021404

Abstract: This review summarizes current progress on bioinsecticides which are categorized as biochemical insecticides

Keywords： biochemical insecticide / bioinsecticide / microbial bioinsecticides / plant-incorporated protectant    

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An experimental characterization of human torso motion

Daniele CAFOLLA,I-Ming CHEN,Marco CECCARELLI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 311-325 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0352-z

Abstract:

The torso plays an important role in the human-like operation of humanoids. In this paper, a method is proposed to analyze the behavior of the human torso by using inertial and magnetic sensing tools. Experiments are conducted to characterize the motion performance of the human torso during daily routine operations. Furthermore, the forces acting on the human body during these operations are evaluated to design and validate the performance of a humanoid robot.

Keywords： experimental biomechanics     human torso     analysis     inertial sensor     characterization    

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Synthesis and characterization of norfloxacin biomonomer

Shengxiong DONG, Qiaoping CHEN, Hongfang XIE, Jianhua HUANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 55-59 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0537-2

Abstract: A novel drug agent named norfloxacin biomonomer was developed in order to solve the problem of low drug content, uneven drug distribution, low molecular weight, and wide molecular weight distribution of polymer drug, based on polyurethane, which was used as an antibacterial agent to control the bacterial infection associated with biofilm formation on polymeric materials used in biologic environments. In this research, norfloxacin biomonomer was synthesized by esterifying the compound of norfloxacin. High-performance liquid chromatography system was used to analyze the purity of the final product and intermediate products, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and mass spectrum were used to verify the final product and intermediate products. The results showed that the objective product was developed successfully. The final product of norfloxacin biomonomer could be incorporated into the polyurethane as chain extender.

Keywords： norfloxacin     biomonomer     synthesis     characterization    

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Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Characterization, Transport, Fate, and Remediation Strategies

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 12-12 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1446-y

Abstract: Plastics continues to have a critical and essential role in human society such as food packing, product packages and building materials. In the meantime, it has been recognized as a global sustainability priority to study and mitigate pollution of plastics and the associated unknown impacts from ultrafine plastic particles. Microplastic (<5 mm) particles, for instance, have been detected in the aquatic environment globally and have raised scientific interests and environmental concerns. Microplastics (MPs) can enter rivers through a variety of pathways (e.g., wastewater effluent, breakdown of plastic debris) and can negatively impact aquatic organisms through both direct injection with food and indirect contamination from absorbed toxins. MPs can absorb heavy metals, pathogens, and organic contaminants, mainly persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that can be ingested by organisms and introduced into the food web. Meanwhile, MPs may also release potentially toxic substances (e.g., plasticizers, flame retardants and antimicrobial agents) during weathering and degradation. An increasing number of papers are being published during the last years related to the effects of MPs as well as with synergistic effects when associated with MPs and their byproducts such as nanometer sized plastics or nanoplastics. This special issue successfully garnered a collection of research articles that addressed various topics of microplastic or nanoplastic pollution, characteristic, and environmental fate in the water environment. Particularly, this issue reported the seasonable occurrence and distribution of microplastics in different regions (e.g., China and India) from high-latitude nature reserve to sediments and coastal marine environments. Moreover, new sampling and analytical methodologies (e.g., fluorescent labeling) to identify MPs in diver matrixes (e.g., wastewater, sediment, and biota) are critically reviewed. The information is critical for scientists, business leaders, legislators, and the public are to explore and develop solutions that lessen society’s plastic footprint. We thank all authors, reviewers, and editorial staff of FESE for their efforts and contributions to this special issue. Guest Editors: Wen Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology (wen.zhang@njit.edu) Melissa Pasquinelli College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University (melissa_pasquinelli@ncsu.edu) Yang Li School of the Environment Beijing Normal University (liyang_bnu@bnu.edu.cn)
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Comprehensive kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization of cable-driven continuum robots

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0756-0

Abstract: In this study, a general kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization methodology that comprehensivelyconsidered to deduce a comprehensive kinetostatic model enabled with the capacity of accurate morphology characterization

Keywords： kinetostatic modeling     morphology characterization     variable friction     continuum robots     in-situ   

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Preparation and characterization of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts via microwave-hydrothermal method

ZHAO Jinglian, WANG Xinping, ZHAO Liang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 415-420 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0056-2

Abstract: Preparation and characterization of nanosized ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts were studied in this paper

Keywords： large-scale     hexagonal     misdistribution     characterization     nanocomposite    

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Mechanical properties characterization of different types of masonry infill walls

André FURTADO, Hugo RODRIGUES, António ARÊDE, Humberto VARUM

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 411-434 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0602-y

Abstract: The primary objective of this paper is to present an extensive experimental campaign of mechanical characterization

Keywords： masonry infill walls     experimental characterization     compression strength     shear diagonal strength     flexural    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Expression and characterization of a CALB-type lipase from

Jiang-Wei Shen, Xue Cai, Bao-Juan Dou, Feng-Yu Qi, Xiao-Jian Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Liu, Yu-Guo Zheng

Journal Article

Digital microfluidics: A promising technique for biochemical applications

He WANG, Liguo CHEN, Lining SUN

Journal Article

Potential of electron transfer and its application in dictating routes of biochemical processes associated

Journal Article

Metabonomic study of the biochemical profiles of heterozygous myostatin knockout swine

Jianxiang XU,Dengke PAN,Jie ZHAO,Jianwu WANG,Xiaohong HE,Yuehui MA,Ning LI

Journal Article

Uptake and accumulation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes change the morphometric and biochemical characteristics

Elena SMIRNOVA, Alexander GUSEV, Olga ZAYTSEVA, Olga SHEINA, Alexey TKACHEV, Elena KUZNETSOVA, Elena LAZAREVA, Galina ONISHCHENKO, Alexey FEOFANOV, Mikhail KIRPICHNIKOV

Journal Article

Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

Journal Article

Comparisons in subcellular and biochemical behaviors of cadmium between low-Cd and high-Cd accumulation

Meng XUE, Yihui ZHOU, Zhongyi YANG, Biyun LIN, Jiangang YUAN, Shanshan WU

Journal Article

Research on physical-chemical and biochemical combined technology in the treatment of refractory petrochemical

Tian Zhiyong,Tu Xiang,Song Yonghui,Xin Wang,Li Fayun

Journal Article

BIOINSECTICIDES AS FUTURE MAINSTREAM PEST CONTROL AGENTS: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Journal Article

An experimental characterization of human torso motion

Daniele CAFOLLA,I-Ming CHEN,Marco CECCARELLI

Journal Article

Synthesis and characterization of norfloxacin biomonomer

Shengxiong DONG, Qiaoping CHEN, Hongfang XIE, Jianhua HUANG

Journal Article

Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Characterization, Transport, Fate, and Remediation Strategies

Journal Article

Comprehensive kinetostatic modeling and morphology characterization of cable-driven continuum robots

Journal Article

Preparation and characterization of ZnO/ZnS hybrid photocatalysts via microwave-hydrothermal method

ZHAO Jinglian, WANG Xinping, ZHAO Liang

Journal Article

Mechanical properties characterization of different types of masonry infill walls

André FURTADO, Hugo RODRIGUES, António ARÊDE, Humberto VARUM

Journal Article